THE PEOPLE OF CANADA
ARE GENTLE GIANTS
THE CHILDREN OF A
LESSER GOD.
THE RELIGIOUS DOCTRINE OF THE
PEOPLE
OF NORTH AMERICA AT THIS TIME IN HISTORY INCLUDED
· The
People all believed that in the sky (heaven) was a spirit called the Great Spirit.
· The People believed that the Great Spirit created man and woman
One did not possess superiority
over the other.
· Women
are revered because they are the givers of life.
· Woman
can deal as neutrals even during times of war.
· Women
do not hunt because they are the givers of life.
· Men
must ask forgiveness of the animal spirits before hunting.
· Women
are responsible to nurture the children until about 12 years.
· The
People love their children more than any other people in the world.
· If
a child dies the whole village morns the loss for one year.
· Men
do not divorce women with children nor abandon them.
· If
children are not involved the People are free to enter or disconnect relationships.
· Both
men and women share in the planting, harvesting and gathering of food.
· The
People are generous to each other and strangers giving what little they have.
· There is no chief among the People.
The Algonquian name for chief was Mingo
Mingo
means treacherous.
THE PEOPLES GENESIS
128,000 – 118,000 B.C.
Eemian Interglacial period
50,000 - 25,000 B.C. Pre-Projectile-point stage, South America is peopled
50,000 - 40,000 B.C. First land bridge Asia/America
35,000 –25,000 B.C. Interglacial
period
25,000-14,000 B.C. Second land bridge Asia/America
25,000 - 10,000 B.C. Paleolithic
people stage
10,000 - 9,000 B.C. Clovis point people
9,000 - 8,000 B.C. Folsom point
people
9,000 - 6,000 B.C. Pro-Archic stage
9,000 - 5,000 B.C. Disappearance
of large animals
9,000 - 4,500 B.C. Pro-Archic plains stage
8,000 - 6,000 B.C. Plano
point people
7,000 - 1,500 B.C. Agricultural development period
6,000 -1,000 B.C. Archiac
(forging) stage
300 - 700 A.D. Hopewell cultural period
500 - 1,000 A.D. Adena Cultural
Period
1,450 - 1,850 A.D. Little Ice Age
In The Beginning
the Great Spirit created man from the sky and woman from the earth.
One did not possess superiority over the other.
The People held four great
truths:
- The importance of the
family unit as the center,
- An evolving understanding
of right and wrong, tied to ritual,
- A balancing of the needs
of one with the needs of the many, and
- Maintaining inner and
external harmony with nature.
The Indian religion was personal
and in constant renewal,
not like a fixed religion for all time locked into a mythical past.
The Indian is considered to
be an idealist.
The European is considered to be a materialist.
"Good judgment comes from experience;
experience comes from bad judgment"
Old Indian Proverb
"Learn from the mistakes of
others
you don't live long enough to make them yourself"
Another old Indian Proverb.
It is currently believed that the Aboriginal People first arrived in
Canada within the past 60,000 years. Some suggest these people died off before the more recent Peoples arrived. The earliest
date is likely 50,000 B.C. only because dating becomes very questionable before this date. Many conservatives suggest 12,000
B.C. is the earliest arrival date and this is near the maximum glaciating period, when sea levels are four hundred and twenty-five
feet below present levels. There is no reason Homo Sapiens could not have arrived 118,000 B.C. to 50,000 B.C. during the previous
maximum glaciating period, if we believe the land bridge theory is essential. More current thinking suggests the migration
is down the British Columbia coast. More logically appealing is the period of 35,000 B.C. to 25,000 B.C. when the world is
warmer than today. During the interglacial period sea levels are twenty feet above present levels, which seems a more probable
period for our ancestral arrival. The facts suggest that there has been a continual migration to and from the America's during
its' known occupancy. It is noteworthy that 50 scientists working on the Greenland Ice Core Project (1990-1992) believe the
Ice Age transition to warmer weather took only a few decades and this would dramatically affect old assumptions of time estimates
relative to the volatility of the environment. Rates of erosion as an example may be measured in years rather than decades
or centuries. One of the Peoples legends supports the land bridge hypothesis but the majority suggests the People were
always here in the Americas.
The first American peoples are classified as Caucasoid in nature being
stocky rather than graceful in build. Their skin pigmentation is less than seen in the Old World but their ability to tan
is exceptionally high. The eyes are dark and the hair is coarse and straight and body hair is scant in both sexes. It is noteworthy
that the sickle cell anomaly is not found in native blood or is blood group 'B'. These generalities that are applied to the
Americas are as valid as the generalities applied to the peoples of Asia, Europe or Africa.
We may even discover that Aboriginal Canadians are decedents of Home
Sapiens, Neanderthal who is much more adapted to harsh climates, due to his strength and superior intelligence. Many aboriginal
people believe they originated in the America's and discount the land bridge theory and the water migration theory.
The People learned much of their culture from the animals of the earth.
They noticed that the wolf is a very social creature, they run in pacts, are very shy by nature, and most important, they
always care for the old, letting them eat first. A great warrior always eats last.
800,000
B.C.
The gray wolf an ancestor of the American epicyon is believed to have
migrated from Asia to America about this time.
700,000
B.C.
Homo Erectus is detected in Italy, Thailand, Indonesia and China.
It is noteworthy that intriguing similarities between the Choukoutien Erectus skulls and those of modern Mongoloids and Native
Americans. There can be little doubt that Choukoutien Erectus genetically contributed to Chinese Homo Erectus and Native
American Homo Sapiens or possibly Homo Erectus.
The Gray Wolf is established in America and would interbreed with other
wolves and coyote to produce new species. The word coyote comes to us from the Aztec People.
400,000
B.C.
Homo Sapiens, Neanderthal is in Europe, Asia and Africa. Some
believe they are not our ancestors.
350,000
B.C.
A Homo sapiens, Sapiens, skull dating to this period discovered in
China casts doubts that modern man originated in Africa. There is no reason these people couldn't have traveled the
Americas during this period of 400,000 - 300,000 B.C. No evidence exists to support such a possibility and 54,000 B.C.
still appears to be the earliest date for the peopling of America.
200,000
B.C.
Most people believe that Homo sapiens, Sapiens, or modern man originated
in Africa about this time. Some claim stone tools are discovered in California dating to this time, others dispute this interpretation.
Some of the People believe the Aboriginal People of the Americas began
about this time, traveling all across the Americas even into the lands of foreign Nations. The Akmul Auauthm (Pima People)
of Arizona and southeastern California tell of a creation story of the Great Mystery, who takes light and hurls it into the
void and creates the stars, the Woman Moon, and the Man Sun. It is said that the Great Mystery then creates Coyote,
who is composed of laughter and mischief. It is noteworthy that mischief and laughter appears to be a common cultural
tenant among the Peoples of North America. Arizona was named after a Pima word meaning little spring place.
Some suggest the Calico Hills, California site contained evidence of
man at this time period.
20,000
B.C.
Genetic evidence suggests a second migration of People from Asia to
America occurred between 20,000 and 18,000 B.C. The first migration to America occurred around the year 35,000 B.C.
Some suggest that between
20,000 and 17,000 B.C. even glaciers blocked the coastal route for migration. They conclude and migration had to be
via sea.
The ultra conservatives suggest the Inuit and the People's cultures
began to differentiate in Siberia about this time having started from a common Mongoloid stock. A jawbone of a domesticated
dog and one of an 11-year-old child is discovered in Old Crow, Yukon. Some scientists suggest the only glaciations period
in Alberta began about this time and peaked by 18,000 B.C. The Hueyatlaco site near Puebla, Mexico carbon dates to this
period. The local geology dates to 200,000 B.C. so some discount this site.
There were giant icebergs in the ocean as far south as Mexico City.
The furthest south in recent times was northern Florida in June 2, 1934. It is noteworthy that during most of the world’s
history the North and South Poles were free of ice.
The boat was in use in Japan making a sea migration to America more
plausible.
13,000
B.C.
Genetic evidence suggests a third migration of People from Asia to
America occurred about this time.
Canadian historical evidence of the people is scant prior to this time
due to the scouring of the ice age but many believe Canada is being repopulated about this time.
The last great glaciers have begun their withdrawal from southern Canada.
Lake Agassiz (Manitoba and North Dakota), Lake Chicago (Lake Michigan) and Lake Maumee (Lake Erie) all drained into the Mississippi.
This created a natural waterway that early man surely traveled to commence the re-population of Canada.
Primitive hunters leading some conservative archeologists to concede
that America was populated by 13 to 18 thousand B.C occupy Savannah River, South Carolina.
Dental studies of Native American teeth suggest a very distant relationship
to the Caucasoid of Europe and suggest a separation about this time from the Northern Asian populations. This likely
represents a second or third wave of immigrants from Asia.
There is seldom-livable terrain in Canada that the Palaeo People failed
to penetrate. New technology moved around the continent at an astonishingly wide coverage. Some believe the Canadian
People's culture is different from the more Southern Peoples having changed into the people of the Plains and Mountain West,
Woodland people and Mongol. The Plains and Mountain West People included the Proto Waukeshan, Siouan and Algonkin.
The Woodland People would become the Iroquois. These people are believed to have migrated north as the glaciers retreated.
The Eskimo (Inuit), and Athapascan have recently arriving from the Northwest.
The People are living at Prairie
du Chien, Wisconsin about this time.
Mount Tehema in the Lassen
Park region of Northern California has experienced eruptions between 23,000 B.C. and 13,000 B.C.
The Augustine Mound (Otgotagnoenagamigiq)
Metepenegiag
- New Brunswick's Oldest Village
"The Village
of Thirty Centuries"
In 1972, when reading a magazine about the discovery of an ancient
burial ground in Arizona, Joseph Mike Augustine remembered a similar mound nearby. He could remember going there with his
father years before and that is when his curiosity was sparked. The next day he took his shovel and went to inspect the mound.
His findings were unbelievable. When he brought them home, his oldest daughter, Madeline thought that her father had found
gold because Joe handled the artifacts with such care. He told her what he had remembered the day before and that he had gone
today to inspect. So he took her along the next day and together they found the links to the past that were aged more than
2000 years. Later this mound that Joe had remembered, was named after him. "The Augustine Mound" and a nearby hunting ground
proved that there was life in this area more than 2000 years ago.
The traditional name for the native community of Red Bank on the Northwest Miramichi River is Metepenagiag.
Since 1975 over one hundred archaeological sites have been discovered in the Red Bank area. Several ancient campsites and
a ceremonial site have been excavated. In recognition of their outstanding contribution to Canadian history the Historic Sites
and Monuments Board of Canada have declared both the Oxbow and the Augustine Mound sites National Historic Sites. Joseph Augustine,
the Red Bank resident who first recognized the cultural and historical value of these sites, has been presented with New Brunswick's
distinguished Award for Heritage.
The Red Bank archeological research has produced evidence about how the Miramichi Mi’kmac lived
in the past. This richly illustrated book offers a glimpse of what life may have been like at Metepenagiag prior to the coming
of the Europeans.
RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL ABUSE DOMINATES THE 21st CENTURY
The Christian Churches are
taken kicking and screaming to
the world courts for their crimes against humanity.
Some believe 400 years of attempted assimilation have stripped away pride and traditional values
that leads
to violence nearly four times greater than non-aboriginals.
